Modern Indian History
Chronology of Events
1707 - Battle of Jajau, accession of Bahadur Shah I
1708 - Death of Guru Govind Singh
1712 - Death of Bahadur Shah I, accession of Jahandar Shah
713 - Accession of Farukh Siyar, murder of Jahandar Shah
1714 - Hussain All viceroy of the Deccan, Treaty between Hussain Mi and the Marathas
1716 - Execution of Banda Bahadur, Swman Embassy to the Imperial Court.
1717 - Emperor Farukh Siyar’s firman to East India Co. Appointment of Murshid Quli Khan as Governor of Bengal
1719 - Farukh Siyar put to death, accession and deposition of puppet emperors, accession of Muhammad Shah
1720 - Fall of the Sayyid brothers
1724 - Appointment of Saadat Khan as governor of Oudh, virtual independence of the Nizam in the Deccan, appointment of Qamaruddin as wazir
1739 - Nadir Shah took Delhi and sacked it, death of Sujauddin and appointment of his son, Sarfaraz, as Governor of Bengal. Capture of bassein and Salsette Kha &
1740 - Aliwardi Khan defeated and killed Sarfraz Khan and became Nawab of Bengal
1742 - Marathas invaded Bengal, appointment of Duplex as Governor of Pondicherry
1744-48 - First Carnatic (Anglo-French) War
1745 - Rohillas in occupied of Rohilkhand
1746 - Capture of Madras by La Bourdonnais
747 - Invasion by Ahmad Shah Abdul
1748 - Death of Nizam Chin Qilich Khan, death of Emperor Muhammad Shah. Accession of Ahmad Shah
1749 - Restoration of Madras to the English
1749-54 - Second Carnatic War
1750 - Defeat and death of Nizam Nasir Jang after him Muzaffar Jang became Nizam
1751 - Capture and defense of Arcot by Robed Clive, death of Muzaffar Jang, accession of Salabat Jang as Nizam, conclusion of treaty by Nawab Alivardi Khan with the Marathas by surrendering Cuttack
1754 - Recall of Dupleix, Godehu’s appointment as governor and his treaty with the English, accession of Alamgir.
1756 - Death of Alivardi Khan (21 April) accession of Sirajuddaulab who captured Calcutta (20 June)
1757 - Recovery of Calcutta by the English (2 January), Delhi and Mathura sacked by Ahmad Shah Abdel (January) treaty of Alinagat between Siraj and the English (9th Feb.), capture of Chandernagore by the English (March), battle of Plassey (23x June), Mir Jafar installed as Nawab (28 June), capture and execution of Siiajuddaulah (2nd July).
1758-63 - Third Carnatic War
1758 - Arrival of Lally in India, occupation of the Punjab by the Marathas, Manulipatnam captured by Forde.
1759 - Battle of Bedara, Prince Au Jafar, second Governorship of Clive in Bengal, treaty of Allahabad, grant of the Diwani of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa b31 Shah Alam II to the Company.
1766 - Acquisition by the company of the Northern Circars.
1766-69 - First Mysore War
1767 - Departure of dive, Verelest governor in Bengal
1770 - The Great Bengal Famine
1772 - Warren Hastings Governor in Bengal, death of Peshwa Madhava Rao, accession and murder of Peshwa Narayan Rao
1773 - Enactment of the Regulating Act, Peshwaship of Raghnath Rao of Raghaba
1774 - Accession of Narain Rao as Peshwa, the Rohilla war. Warren Hastings installed as Governor General, establishment of Supreme Court in Calcutta
1775 - Trial and execution of Nanda Kumar, commencement of the First Maratha War which continued till 782
1776 - Treaty of Purandhar
1779 - Convention of Wadgaon
1 780 - Gwalior captured by General Popham, Second Mysore War (178044)
1781 - Deposition of Chait Singh, Amendment of the Regulating Act
1782 - Affair of the Begums of Oudh, the treaty of Salbai, death of Haider Ali
1783 - Fox’s India Bill
1784 - Treaty of Mangalore closed the Second Mysore War, Pitts India Act
1785 - Warren Hastings resigned Governor Generalship
1786 - Lord Cornwallis appointed Governor-general
1790 - Commencement of the Third Mysore War (1790-92)
1792 - Treaty of Seringapatnam ended the Third P4ysore War; Ranjit Singh became the alder of a Sikhism
1793 - Permanent Settlement of land revenue in Bengal, renewal of the Company’s Charter, retirement of Lord Cornwallis, sir john Shore Governor General
1794 - Death of Mahadaji Sindhia
1795 - The Battle of Kharda or Khárdla, death of Ahalya Bai
1796 - Death of Peshwa Madhava Rao Narayan, Baji Rao II Peshwa
1797 - Zarnan Shah in the Punjab, death of Nawab Asafiiddaulah of Oudh
1798 - Lord Wellesley Governor General, acceptance of subsidiary alliance by the Nizam
1799 - Fourth Mysore War, death of Tipu, fall of Seringapatnam, partition of Mysore, installation of the Hindu Raj family in Mysore, Ranjit Singh appointed Governor of Lahore by Zaman Shah, Malcolm led English envision to Persia, opening of the Baptist Mission at Serampore by William Carey
1800 - Death of Nana Phadnavis
1801 - Carnatic annexed to the British Empire. The battle of Poona, Treaty of Bassein
1803 - The Second Maratha War (1803-05), capture of Aligarh, Battles offleihi, Assaye, Laswari and Argaon, treaty of Deogaon and cession of Cuttack, treaty of Surji-Arjungaon
1804 - War with the Holkar, defeat of Monson, battle of Deeg
1805 - Failure of the English siege of Bharatpur, recall of Lord Wellesley, second term of Lord Cornwallis Governor General, death of Lord Cornwallis, Sir George Barlow Governor General, treaty with the Holkar
1806 - Vellore Mutiny
1807 - Lord Monto I appointed Governor General (1807-13)
1808 - English missions under Malcolm to Persia and under Elphinstone to Kabul
1809 - Treaty of Amritsar between the English and Ranjit Singh
1813 - Company’s Charter renewed, retirement of Lord Minto I, appointed of Lord Hastings as Governor General (1813-23)
1814 - Outbreak of War with Nepal (1814- 16)
1816 - Treaty of Sagauli closed war with Nepal
1817-18 - The Pindari war and the Third Maratha War, battles of Kirkee and Sitabaldi, deposition of Appa Shaheb Bhonsle, battle of Mahidpur, treaty with the Holkar
1818 - Battle of Ashti, defense of Koregaon, surrender of Peshwk Raji Rao II
1819 - Capitulation of Asirgarh, abolition of the Peshwaship and retirement of Baji Rao II Bithur as a British pensioner, protective alliances with the states of Rajputana, earthquakes
1820 - Appointment of Sir Thomas Munro as governor of Madras (1820-27)
1823 - Departure of Lord Hastings, Mr. Adams acting Governor General, Lord Amherst Governor General
1824 - The first Burmese War (182426), Barrackpore Mutiny
1826 - Fall of Bharatpur, treaty of Yandabo, annexation of Assim Arakan and Tennasserim
1827 - The Enterprise, a man-of-war propelled by steam, lay off Madras.
1828 - Lord William Bentinck appointed Governor General (1828-36)
1829-37 - Suppression of Thuggee
1830 - Annexation of Cachar, Raja Rammohan Roy visited England
1831 - Deposition of the Rajas of-Mysore and assumption of its administration by the English, journey of flumes up the Indus, meeting at Rupar between Ranjit Singh and Lord William Bentick
1832 - Annexation of Jaintia
1833 - Renewal of the Company's Charter, various reforms
1834 - Annexation of Coorg, institution of L4w Member in Supreme Council with Lord Macaulay as the first incumbent,
1835 - Foundation of Calcutta Medical College, Education Resolution, retirement of Lord William Bentinek, Sir Charles Metcalfe officiating Governor General, abolition of Press restrictions
1836 - Appointment of Lord Auckland as Governor General (1836-42)
1837-38 - Famine in North India
1838 - Tripartite treaty of the English with Saha Shuja and Ranjit Singh
1839 - New treaty forced on the Amirs of Sind; death of Ranjit Singh, First Afghan War (1839-42), Capture of Ghazni and occupation of Kabul
1840 - Risings of Afghan tribes, deposition of Dost Muhammad
1841 - Murders of thirties and Macnaghten by the Afghans
1842 - British disaster in Afghanistan, retirement to Jalalabad of Dr. Brydon alone, Lord Ellen borough became Governor General (1842- 44), relief of Jalalabad, reoccupation of Kabul, restoration of Dost Muhammad British evacuation of Afghanistan.
1843 - War with the Amirs of Sind, battles of Miani and Dabo, annexation of Sind baffle of Mahar-pur. Suppression of slavery
1844 - Recall of Lord Ellenborough, Lord Hardinge became Governor General (1844-48)
1845 - The First Sikh War (1845-46), battles of Mudki and Ferozpur
1846 - Battles of Aliwal and Sobraon, treaty of Lahore
1848 - Lord Dalhousie became Governor General (1848-56), revolt of Mulraj, the Second Sikh War (1848-49), enunciation of the Doctrine of Lapse and annexation of Satan by the application of doctrine
1849 - Battles of Chillianwalla and Gujarat, annexation of the Punjab, Bethune School for girls started in Calcutta, annexation of Jaitpur and Sambalpur
1850 - Penal annexation of a part of Sikkim
1852 - Second Burmese War, annexation of Pegu, death of ex-Peshwa Baji Rao II and stoppage of his pension
1853 - Opening of first railway in India from Calcutta to Thana, laying of telegraph line from Calcutta to Agra, annexation of Nagpur & Jhansi, annexation of Berar by the Nizam, renewal of the Company’s Charter; entrance into 1.C.S. thrown open to competition - -
1854 - Education Dispatch of Sir Charles Wood
1855 - The Santhal insurrection
1856 - Annexation of Oudh, the Indian Universities Act, Religious Disabilities Act, Hindu Widows Remarriage Act departure of Lord Dalhousie and appointment of Lord Canning as Governor General. End of Crimean War, General Service Order, Pension War, war in China (1856-60), introduction of the Enfield rifle and greased cartridges
1857 - Beginning of the Revolt or Sepoy Mutiny, foundation of Calcutta, Bombay and Madras Universities
1858 - Trial of Emperor Bahadur Shah (Jan-March), proclamation of peace by Lord Canning (July), Act for the better government of India (August), Queen’s Proclamation (Nov), Lord Canning appointed Viceroy
1859 - Withdrawal of Doctrine of Lapse, gradual restoration of order, indigo disputes in Bengal (1859-60)
1860 - Enactment of Indian Penal Code-.
1861 - Indian Councils Act, establishment of High courts, Civil Service Act, Famine in N.W. India, enactment of the code of Criminal Procedure
1862 - Retirement of Lord Canning, Lord Elgin I appointed Viceroy (1862-63), amalgamation of Supreme and Sadar Courts into High Courts
1864 - Sir John Lawrence appointed Viceroy (1864-68), Bhutan War
1865 - Orissa famine (1865-67), operating of telegraphic communication with Europe
1368 - Opening of railway from Ambala to Delhi
1869 - Lord Mayo became Viceroy (1869- 72), visit of the Duke of Edinborough
1872 - Murder of Lord Mayo, Lord Northbrook appointed Viceroy (1872- 76)
1873 - Famine in Bihar (1873-74)
1875 - Deposition of Maihar Rao Gaekwar, visit to Edward, Prince of Wales
1876 - Retirement of Lord Northbrook, Lord Lytton I became Viceroy (1876-80), the Royal Titles Act, occupation of Quetta, outbreak of famine in the Deccan
1877 - Delhi Durbar (1 January), Queen Victoria proclaimed Empress of India
1878 - Vernacular Press Act, Second Afghan War (1878-80)
1880 - Resignation of Lord Lytton I, Lord Ripen Viceroy (1880-84)
1881 - Rendition of Mysore, first Factory Act first General Census
1882 - Repeal of Vernacular Press Ac Hunter Commission
1883 - Beginning of legislation establishing local self-government in India, the Ilbert Bill
1884 - Resignation of Lord Ripen, Lord Duffer in Viceroy
1885 - Foundation of the Indian National Congress.
1889 - Foundation of British Committee of the Indian National Congress at London.
1890 - Publication of India from the Platform of British Committee of National Congress
1891 - Second Factory Act was passed.
b. Manipur rebellion
c. Passing of the Age of Consent Bill
1892 - Indian Council Act was passed.
1893 - Inauguration of the Ganipati festival by Tilak.
1895 a. Inauguration of the Shivaji festival by Tilak.
b. Establishment of the "Deccan Sabha" by Gokhale.
1897 - Imprisonment of Tilak for 18 months on ground of Treason
1905 a. (July) Announcement of revised scheme of partition of Bengal by Lord Curzon.
b. (Oct.) Partition of Bengal came into force.
c. (Nov.) Establishment of the National Council of Education
1906 a. (Dec.) Foundation of Indian Muslim League at Dhaka,
b. Starting of a National College with Aurobindo Ghosh as principal in Calcutta.
1907 a. Congress split in Surat
b. First Annual Session of the Muslim League at Karachi.
1908 - Imprisonment of Tilak for 6 years - sent to Mandley Jail
1909 - Indian Council Act or Morley Minto Reforms was passed.
1911 a. Coronation of Delhi Darbar.
b. Partition of Bengal was revoked
c. Announcement of transfer of capital from Calcutta to Delhi
1912 a. (Dee.) Bomb thrown on Lord Hardinge on his state entry into Delhi.
b. Transfer of capital to Delhi.
c. Constitution of separate provinces of Bihar & Orissa,
1915 a. Gandhiji returned to India from South Africa.
b. Foundation of Sabarmati Ashram by Gandhi at Abmedabad.
1916 a. (April) Foundation of Home Rule League by Tilak.
b. (Sept) Foundation of Home Rule League by Annie Besant
c. Foundation of Banaras Hindu University by Pt Madan Mohan Malviya.
d. Unity between moderates and extremists.
e. Lucknow Pact in which an agreement was made between Congress & Muslim league.
f. Foundation of women's university at Poona.
1917 a. (April) Champaran Satyagrah by Gandhiji.
b. (20 Aug) The Congress and the Muslim league dropped the programme of passive resistance.
c. Formation of Rowlatt Committee.
d. Annie Besant dropped the Home Rule Movement.
1918 a. (March) Organization of first All- India Depressed Classes Conference,
b. Ahmadabad Satyagrah by Gandhi.
c. Khaira Satyagrah by Gandhi.
1919 a. (Feb.) Foundation of Satyagrah Sabba by Gandhiji against the of Rowlatt Bill
b. (6thApril) Beginning of Rolatt Satyagrah
c. (13 April) Jalianwala Bag massacre
d. (15 April) Martial law in Punjab.
e. (Oct.) Appointment of the Hunter Committee for the investigation of Punjab wrongs.
f. (Nov) Foundation of All India Khilafat Committee.
g. (Dec.) Montague - Chelmsford Reforms or the Govt. of India Act 1919 was passed
h. Gandhi elected as the President of All - India Khilafat Committee at Delhi
i. Formation of National Liberation Federation.
1920 a. (June) Passing of Non-cooperation proposal by Khilafat committee in Allahabad
b. (1 August) Launching of Noncooperation Movement by the Congress
c. (Deo.) Approval and ratification of the policy of non-violent noncooperation by the congress in the Nagpur Session.
d. First meeting of All India Trade Union Congress
e. Foundation of the Aligarh Muslim University:
1921 a. (3 Jan) The inauguration of the new constitution according to the Government of India Act 919
b. (1 Feb) Gandhi decided to embark on Mass Civil Disobedience at Bardoli.
c. (July) Passing a resolution by All India Khilafat Committee prohibited Muslim to serve British Indian Army
d. (Aug.) Moplas rebellion in Malabar coast
e. Foundation of Chamber of Princess
1922 a. (Feb.) Announcement of starting of mass civil disobedience by Gandhi
b. (Feb) Chauri-Choura incident and suspension of the Non-cooperation Movement
c. Opposition of Congress Programmes in Gaya Session -
d. (May) Vishva Bharti University started by Rabindranath Tagore -
e. (Dee) Foundation of Swaraj Party. Liberty given to the people of native states to become a member of Congress.
1923 - Compromise between Swarajijsts and the No-Changers in the congress in the special session of the Congress in Delhi
1925 a. Foundation of the Communist Party byM.N. Roy
b. Foundation of Hindustan Association by Chandra Shekhar Azad
c. Vitthalbhai Patel elected as the President in Centre Legislature-
1926 a. First All India Non-Brahmin Conference held at Belgaum under the President ship of Ramaswamy
b. Announcement of four-point programme k co-operation with the congress by Md. Au Jinnah lathe Nagpur session of Muslim league
1927 a. (Nov.) Appointment of the Simon Commission (the statutory commission)
b. (Dec.) Passing of "Delhi Proposals" by Muslim leaders
c. Boycott of Simon Commission in Madras session of Congress
d. Foundation of All India Praja Conference, First session under the President ship of Diwan Bahadur M. Ramachandra
1928 a. (Feb.) Arrival of Simon Commission in Bombay
b. (Feb.) All Party Conference in Delhi and demand of Dominion Status
c. Formation of 8 members committee for framing of Constitution under Motilal Nehru
d. (Aug.) Presentation of Nehru Report
e. Assault on Lala Lajpat Rai in Punjab during the Boycott of the Simon Commission
f. (Nov.) Foundation of Independence League by Subhash and Nehru
g. Appointment of Butler Committee
h. Baradoli Satyagraha under the leadership of Vallabhai Patel on the issue of increase of revenue attempted by Government.
i. (Dec.) Demand given by Jinnah in All India Party Conference in Calcutta for the development of Muslim majority areas and reservation for Muslims.
j. (Dec.) Warning given to the Government in Calcutta session of Congress that if Government did not accept,-Nehru Report till 31st Dec, 1.929, Congress would begin Civil Disobedience Movement
1929 a. (Jan.) Announcement of 14 points demands by Jinnah in the Muslim League meeting at Delhi.
b. (April) Dropping of the bomb in the Central Legislative Assembly by Bhagat Singh Batukeshwar Dun.
c. (18 Aug.) Observation of "Political Sufferers Day" by the All India Congress Committee
d. (31 Oct.) Announcement the goal of British policy in India that is granting of the Dominion status by Lord Irwin.
e. (Dec.) Passing the resolution for of Puma Swarajaya (complete independence) by the Indian National Congress in Lahore Session under the president ship of Jawaharlal Nehru.
f. (3 1 Dec.) Dropping on Nehru Report
g. Report of Butler Committee
h. Hoisting of tricolor flag for the first time on 31 Dec.
1930 a. (26 Jan.) The Congress observed Indian Independence Day (14 Feb.) Passing of the Civil Disobedience resolution by the working committee of the congress.
b. (2 March) Eleven Points demands of Gandhi given to Irwin
c. (12 March) Launching of the Civil Disobedience Movement with the famous Dandi March for Salt Satyagraha (6 April) Violation of Salt Law
d. (May) Publication b (Simon Commission Report
e. (Nov.) The first Round Table Conference in London without the participation of the Congress.
1931 a. (5 March) Gandhi & Irwin pact
b. Suspension of Civil Disobedience Movement by Gandhi
c. Gandhi took part in the Second Round Table Conference as the sole representative of the Congress
d. Execution of Bhagat Singh, Sukhdeo and Rajguru
e. (Sept) Second Round Table Conference
1932 a. (Jan.) Beginning of Second phase of the Civil Disobedience Movement
b. (Aug.) Announcement of "Communal Award" by the British Prime Minister Rainey Mac Donald
c. (Sept.) Gandhi began fast to protest against Award (Sept.) Poona Pact between Gandhi and Ambedkar and other scheduled castes representatives
d. (Nov.) Third Round Table Conference without the participation of the Congress ends without any settlement
1933 a. White paper on constitutional development
b. (May) Suspension of the Civil Disobedience Movement by the Congress
c. (Aug.) Beginning of Individual Civil Disobedience
1934 a. (May) Withdrawal of civil disobedience Movement
b. Beginning of Harijan work by Gandhiji
c. (17 May) Foundation of Congress Socialist Party by Acharya Narendra Dev and Jai Prakash Narain first meeting in Patna.
d. (21-22 Oct.) First open session of Congress Socialist Party in Bombay under the President ship of Sampoorna Nand.
1935 - (Aug.) The Government of India Act was passed
1936 - Formation of the first All. - India Peasant Organization, the All India Kisan Sabba with Sahjananda as the President.
1937 a. (April) Provincial autonomy according to the Government of India Act 1935 - Came into force.
b. (3 Sept.) World War II broke out and the viceroy declared India a belligerent country.
c. Resignation of the Congress Ministries in the province against the war policy
d. (22 Dec.) Observance of the Day of Deliverance from the tyranny of the Congress rule at the instance of Jinnah by the Muslim League
e. All India Praja Conference under the President ship of Jawaharlal Nehru
1940 a. (March) Passing of the Pakistan Resolution in the Lahore session by the Muslim League
b. (10 Aug.) Announcement of ‘August Offer"
c. (Aug. 18-22) Rejection of August Offer by the Congress working committee
d. (17 Oct.) Launching of ‘Individual Satyagraha’ movement by the congress starting with Vinoba Bhave as first President and Jawaharlal Nehru on the second.
1941 a. Death of Rabindranath Tagore
b. (17 Jan.) Escape of Subhash Chandra Bose from India
c. Suspension of Individual Satyagraha Movement in Bardoli session
1942 a. (March) Arrival of Cripps Mission
b. (April) The Congress President, Maulana Azad rejected the Cripps Commission Draft Declaration
c. (July) The Congress working committee passed the Quit India Resolution
d. (8 August) The passing of the Quit India Resolution at the All India Congress Committee at Bombay
e. (12 August) Cripps left India on the failure of his mission
f. Beginning of Quit India Movement
g. (1 Sept.) Formal Establishment of Indian National Army (And Hind Fauj) by Subhash Chandra Bose.
1943 a. Beginning of Gandhi’s historical 21 day fast (To show flith in non violence and purification of self)
b. (Oct.21) Proclamation of S.C. Rose to form the Provisional Government of Free India
c. (Dec.) Adoption of the slogan Divide and Quit by the Muslim League in Karachi session
1944 - (Sept) Gandhi met Jinnah to discuss the C. Rajagopalachari Formula
1945 a. (Dec.) The (vial of the I.N.A. prisoners
b. General Election in India
c. Viceroy Wavell organized the Simla Conference to discuss Wavell Plan
1946 a. (Feb. 18) Mutiny of the Indian naval ratings n Bombay (Talwar)
b. (15 March) Announcement of Cabinet Mission by the British Prime Minister Attlee
c. (24 March) Arrival of Cabinet Mission to Delhi
d. (16 May) The Cabinet Mission Plan was announced
e. (16 June) The Cabinet Mission outlined the procedure for fanning the interim Government
f. (24 July) Muslim League withdraw its acceptance of the Cabinet Mission Plan and called for direct action to achieve Pakistan.
g. (July) Elections to the Constituent Assembly as provided in the Cabinet Mission Plan
h. (14 Aug.) Jawaharlal Nehru invited to form the interim Government at the centre
i. (16 Aug.) The Direct Action Day observed by the Muslim League
j. (2 Sept.) Formation of the interim Govt.
k. (26 Oct.) Muslim League joined the interim Govt.
l. (9.Dec.) First Session of the Constituent Assembly m. Muslim League Boycotted Constituent Assembly
l947 a. (20 Feb.) Declaration of granting freedom tà India before June 1948 by Attlee.
b. (24 March) Appointment of Mountbatten as a viceroy
c. (3 June) Mountbatten Plan for the partition of India
d. (June) The Congress and the Muslim League accepted the Mountbatten Plan
e. (4 July) Introduction of Indian Independence Bill
f. (15 July) Passing of Indian Independence Bill
g. (15 Aug.) freedom to India
Sourced from : http://upscportal.com/civilservices/online-course/igp/csat-paper-i/indian-history/modern-indian-history/chronology-of-events
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